Study of River Chenab Morphology Upstream Panjnad Barrage

Abstract

The present research focuses on studying the river Chenab morphology upstream of the Panjnad (PJD) Barrage, which has altered Chenab's flow, causing erosion on the Reduced Distance (RD) 55+000 to 35+000 along the Right Marginal Bund (RMB). A field survey was conducted to understand river morphology focused on sedimentation, erosion, and island formation. An 18 km study U/S along Chenab and Sutlej utilized plane table survey methods with tools like leveling tools, compasses, and plane table boards. Mapping terrain between RGB, Left Guide Bank (LGB), RMB, and Left Marginal Bund (LMB) was the goal. A detailed drawing of the river's topography from the main weir was made due to Chenab's low flow creating islands near gates 13–50.  The studied river section, RD: 55+000 to 35+000, shows braiding, unstable sandbars, and monsoon-driven sediment influx, impacting canal diversion and morphology. Erosion from RD 55+000 to 35+000 on the Chenab's right bank persists despite prior efforts using spurs and mole head studs. Sutlej's floods damage areas along LMB up to J-Head Spur. Concentrated discharge threatens the upper curved part of the Right Guide Bank (RGB). Upstream (U/S) island formation impairs PJD's discharge by blocking the Annexe weir. A permanent island divides Chenab streams from RD 36+000 to the confluence, threatening infrastructure along RMB (RD 36+000 to 50+000). The project benefits both industry and society by enhancing irrigation reliability, and water supply and reducing flood risks in nearby areas.